• In future cities, we will need to optimise the distribution and use of public space to ensure that it is safe, accessible and inclusive for all.
• Provision of services could be improved by promoting the mixed use of land; developing integrated land use and mobility plans; and embracing new service-easing technologies.
• Cities will have to adjust their services in areas such as health care and mobility, as well as public infrastructure, housing, and social policy to cater to the changing demographics.
• Public spaces make up between 2 and 15% of land in city centres in Europe. Both their physical and social functions are essential and can relieve some of the pressures exerted on a city by a growing population.
• The greenness of European cities has increased by 38% over the last 25 years, with 44% of Europe’s urban population currently living within 300 metres of a public park. Well-designed public and green spaces can have a multitude of bene­fits: improving air quality, providing microclimate regulation, and enhancing safety, social integration and public health.

| Related Megatrends: Demography; Geopower; Security; Inequalities; Health; Climate change and environmental degradation; Consumerism; Technology; Natural resources;