Prevent drink-driving

• Reduce alcohol-related road fatalities and injuries by enforcing maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limits of 0.5mg/ml or less, introducing and enforcing frequent and systematic random breath testing, combined with education and awareness campaigns.

• For young and novice drivers, for public transport drivers and drivers of commercial vehicles, introduce a lower or zero BAC limit.

• Establish and restrict blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) limits (with lower limits for novice and professional drivers);
• sobriety checkpoints, random breath-testing, administrative suspension of licences, graduated driving licences
• for novice drivers and ignition interlocks are effective in reducing alcohol-impaired driving; and
• other complementary measures include mandatory driver education, provision of alternative transportation, counselling and, as appropriate, treatment programmes for repeat offenders and carefully planned, high-intensity and well-executed mass media campaigns.
   

• Adopt drink-driving countermeasures including random breath testing, sobriety check points and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limits for drivers below 0.5 g/L, with reduced limits or zero tolerance for professional and young drivers.

• Adopt graduated licensing for novice drivers.

Offenders

• Enforce administrative suspension of driving licences.

• Use an ignition inter-lock, in specific contexts where affordable, to reduce drink-driving incidents.

• Introduce mandatory driver-education, counselling and, as appropriate, treatment programmes.

Drink-driving

• Coordinate public transport and closing times at alcohol-serving premises

• 'Encourage provision of alternative transportation, including public transport until after the closing time for drinking places.'

Treatment

• Increase availability of treatment of alcohol use disorders. Support initiatives for screening and brief intervention for hazardous and harmful drinking at primary health care and other settings

• Implement screening and brief intervention approaches in different settings (primary health care, emergency care, workplace, social services

Alcohol-exposed pregnancy

• Screening and brief interventions in health services for early identification and management of harmful drinking among pregnant women and women of child-bearing age.

• Provide community care and support for foetal alcohol spectrum disorders-affected individuals and their families.

Alcohol-related violence and harm

• Regulate 'the drinking context in order to minimize violence and disruptive behaviour, including serving alcohol in plastic containers or shatter-proof glass and management of alcohol-related issues at large-scale public events'.

• Enforce 'laws against serving to intoxication and legal liability for consequences of harm resulting from intoxication caused by the serving of alcohol'.

• Enact 'management policies relating to responsible serving of beverage on premises and training staff in relevant sectors in how better to prevent, identify and manage intoxicated and aggressive drinkers'.

• Provide 'necessary care or shelter for severely intoxicated people.'

Health warnings

• Introduce warning labels on alcoholic beverages with information on the risks associated with drinking alcohol when pregnant, driving a vehicle, and operating machinery.

Public health campaigns

• Use media campaigns to inform and raise awareness among citizens and support policy interventions. Such interventions 'should address both risk factors such as alcohol and periods of risk, such as adolescence, and protective factors, i.e. changes in lifestyles and behaviours.'

• Conduct drink-driving public awareness and information campaigns in support of policy and in order to increase the general deterrence effect.

• Run carefully planned, high-intensity, well-executed mass media campaigns about drink-driving targeted at specific situations, such as holiday seasons, or audiences such as young people.

• Raise awareness of harm to others and among vulnerable groups caused by drinking, avoiding stigmatization and actively discouraging discrimination against affected groups and individuals.