Multiple shocks and stresses, such as climate change, pandemics and conflicts, have disrupted global agrifood systems, affecting food security, nutrition, and livelihoods. The COVID-19 pandemic, in particular, emphasized the urgent need for local governments to strengthen food system resilience to withstand health, climate, and economic challenges. In this context, the FAO conducted a global study to assess how food system actors have perceived recent shocks and stresses on their food systems; to identify collective actions and public policies in response, including the role of local governments and food system actors; and to offer insights into enhancing food system resilience in city regions across the world. This synthesis report presents an overview of the key results, conclusions and the way forward.