This report highlights the role of food and diets for improved nutrition outcomes in Bangladesh and assesses the current gaps and constraints towards improving diets for better nutrition. The report takes a human-centered approach, which is particularly crucial as food systems in Bangladesh are transforming rapidly. The report highlights part of this transformation, including rapidly changing consumption patterns, the related changes in food preparation and processing, and the need for enhanced regulation. Part one sets the context by describing the nature of the nutrition problem in the country and describes the role of food in this context. Part two elaborates on the needed shift from sufficiency of food towards nutritious diets and safer food. Part three explores the economic barriers to household access to nutritious food, as well as the rapidly evolving preferences for food. Part four analysis is used to draw out general recommendations to inform agricultural policies and investments related to food and food prices. This report discusses three factors which can contribute to the key outcome: (i) nutritious diets for women and children; (ii) safer food throughout the food system; and (iii) a broader healthy and sanitary environment, is a critical condition which needs to be in place for food to play a positive role for nutrition.