Biodiversity for Life (B4Life)
The EU B4Life flagship initiative, launched in 2014, fully integrates biodiversity and ecosystem conservation with socioeconomic development and poverty eradication through an innovative crosscutting approach. B4Life operates in 3 priority areas:

• Good governance for a sustainable management of natural resources

• Ecosystem conservation for food security and sustainable rural development

• Ecosystem-based solutions towards a green economy

B4Life also specifically addresses the wildlife crises linked to increasing illegal trafficking. Some B4Life initiatives:
Larger than Elephants
Larger than Tigers
Larger than Jaguars
As the titles of the above three reports suggest, the problem extends far beyond the survival of iconic animals such as elephants, tigers or jaguars. Vanishing species are important components of complex natural ecosystems that provide water and food, regulate climate, process waste products, pollinate crops, and support a growing tourism industry. Some of these services can only be replaced at a significant cost, while others are irreplaceable.

Biodiversity and Protected Areas Management (BIOPAMA)
The African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries house nearly half the world's biodiversity hotspots. The BIOPAMA Programme assists ACP countries in enabling improved management and governance of biodiversity and natural resources. The programme is jointly implemented by the EC’s JRC and the IUCN. In its second phase (2017-2023), for which the EU and ACP countries have invested €60 million through the 11th European Development Fund (EDF), it aims to enhance the policy and decision-making capacities of institutions responsible for biodiversity conservation and protected area management by making available the best possible scientific information and knowledge.

NaturAfrica
The NaturAfrica initiative (The Green Deal approach for EU support to biodiversity conservation in Africa) takes an innovative people-centred approach, prioritising development actions in key landscapes identified in Larger than Elephants. Support will be structured around 2 pillars: 1. Short term: developing actions in key landscapes for conservation and development, building on positive benefits of protected areas for society and the economy, encouraging protected area networks and knowledge-sharing. 2. Medium term: extending support beyond key landscapes to address the root causes of biodiversity loss and environmental degradation and integrate these concerns into other sectors (‘mainstreaming biodiversity’).

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Territories of European overseas (BEST)
BEST is a voluntary scheme aimed at supporting the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of ecosystem services in the EU Outermost Regions (ORs) and Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs). ORs and OCTs include 34 political entities comprising over 150 islands that collectively cover a land area equivalent to the EU area and a marine territory that is the largest in the world. They harbour very rich biodiversity that is particularly vulnerable to invasive species, development, and climate change impacts. ORs and OCTs together also host more than 20% of the world’s coral reefs and lagoons. ORs and OCTs are often not eligible for funding that their neighbours get, and thus miss out on funds specifically targeted at their regional ecosystems and threats. At the EU level, funding mechanisms are often not adapted to meet their particular needs. To address this problem, seven critical regions were identified for prioritisation via regional ecosystem profiles, a tool developed and used by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF). In 2010, the European Parliament adopted the BEST Preparatory Action, which allowed the funding of 16 projects selected under the two open calls for proposals BEST 2011 and BEST 2012. BEST projects in the seven critical regions (Amazonia, Caribbean, Indian Ocean, Macaronesia, Pacific, Polar & Sub-polar, South Atlantic) treat a variety of topics ranging from the quantification of ecosystem service value to monitoring and saving threatened species, restoring and conserving key ecosystems like coral reefs and wetlands, and eradicating invasive alien species. In addition two global projects focus on joint activities and building partnerships. BEST 2.0 extended the mandate of BEST from 2015 onwards as part of EU B4Life, covering 50 small-scale and 5 medium-scale field activities in OCTs.

Preserving Biodiversity and Fragile Ecosystems in Central Africa (ECOFAC6)
Under its ECOFAC6 programme, the EU assigned a budget of € 80.5 million over the period 2017–2023 for direct support to 17 protected areas spread over 7 countries (Cameroon, DR Congo, Congo Republic, Central African Republic, Chad, and Sao Tomé & Principe) and 8 priority landscapes for conservation, while contributing to a green economy, sustainable and inclusive economic development, and the fight against climate change. Some projects under ECOFAC6:
Conserving nature and beating the virus together (Central African Republic)
Artificial intelligence to the rescue of biodiversity (Central Africa)
Pangolin: helping to save the most endangered species of the planet (Gabon)

The EU SWITCH to Green Flagship Initiative (S2G)
The S2G initiative aims at facilitating the transition to an inclusive green economy while generating growth, creating decent jobs, and reducing poverty. 

EU Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade (EU FLEGT)
The EU FLEGT initiative contributes to combating illegal logging and strengthening forest governance while encouraging sustainable economic development in countries that produce or process timber and export to the EU. Its Action Plan was established in 2003.