Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Knowledge Gateway

Any person legally residing in the EU who is not a citizen of the EU (i.e. third country national).

A type of microorganism that is found almost everywhere, including inside the body. Yeast are a type of fungus. Some types are used to make foods, such as bread...

A dose or exposure below which adverse effects are not detected.

A volume of beverage alcohol ( e.g. a glass of wine, a can of beer, or a mixed drink containing distilled spirits) that contains approximately the same amounts (in grams...

Substances that, when taken in or administered into one's system, affect mental processes, e.g. cognition or affect.

Any substance deliberately added to foodstuff which will remain in the finished product, even in an altered form.

The conversion of organic compounds such as carbohydrate into simpler substances such as ethanol or lactic acid by microbes, usually under anaerobic conditions (with no oxygen present)...

The relationship between the amount of a substance to which an individual organism, population or ecosystem is exposed and the way in which it responds (e.g. in terms of toxicity).

As a general term, the state of needing or depending on something or someone for support or to function or survive. As applied to alcohol, nicotine and other drugs, the term implies the need for repeated doses...

The concentration of alcohol (ethanol) present in blood. It is usually expressed as mass per unit volume.