Egypt places high priority on the development of agro-food and electronics and electrical equipment (E&E). The COVID-19 pandemic, changing technologies and consumer preferences, and the potential of the African market are creating new challenges while at the same time opening up a new range of possibilities for Egyptian firms and entrepreneurs. This chapter of the PTPR of Egypt examines the opportunities and challenges for agro-food and E&E in Egypt in light of global trends. Based on peer review from Italy and Malaysia respectively, it provides a snapshot of each industry’s structural features, reviews key elements of Egypt’s current policy approach and identifies key elements for policy reforms.