Highlights

• Sorghum is among the few crops that cope with climate warming and attendant water problems.

• Sorghum can adapt to various conditions and is particularly resistant to limited input and more resilient to saltwater.

• Sorghum is plentiful in a range of bioactive compounds, with great human health advantages.

• It can be used for human and animal purposes, may alleviate Bangladesh's food security concerns.

Abstract

Climatic oscillation is mediated by altered temperature and precipitation patterns projected to impact food production stability and lead to food and nutritional security threats. This review discusses the potential of sorghum as a promising crop for food security in the context of climatic variation. Increasing temperatures and altering precipitation patterns change crop water requirements, lowering crop potential and production while raising the cost of water availability throughout the agricultural landscape. Under these conditions, shifting to substitute crops with minor water necessities, abiotic stress tolerance, greater yield, or biological substance per unit of water is critical for long-lasting farming. With its dual purposes implications like a staple food for humans and a major feed crop for animal feeding, sorghum can adjust to a diversity of agronomic and environmental circumstances, principally little precipitation, inadequate irrigation water availability, and salinity. Sorghum has been found to be less vulnerable to climatic variables, allowing it to maintain high productivity while also serving as a source of diet for human beings, animals, and fresh substance for industrial manufacture, as well as ensuring food security in the tropics. In-depth research is imperative for precise conclusions of the prospects of sorghum in sustainable crop modeling for food security.