This first World Bank report on drought in Angola aims to provide a practical approach and actionable measures to support the government of Angola in its paradigm shift toward drought and climate resilience. To provide a clear picture of the problem and its solutions, the report focuses on understanding the structural causes of water access vulnerability across the region, informing the prioritization of investments and the selection of water supply solutions at the community level, and providing a strategy for the water sector to build resilience to droughts and climate variability, which is also likely to intensify with global warming. This study finds four main causes of drought vulnerability in the South. These are: (1) a lack of information about the state of water points and deficient knowledge about the potential of water resources; (2) insufficient investments in water resources at the community level; (3) a lack of efficient mechanisms to repair, maintain, and guarantee the functionality of infrastructure at the community level; and (4) limited institutional capacity at various levels to prepare for, mitigate, and respond to droughts.