This 2025 update of the OECD Agri-Environmental Indicators (AEIs) provides information on evolving trends in land and water uses, input consumption, production choices and farming practices in OECD countries for 1990-2021. This includes information on the evolution of nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus) balances, greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia emissions, and, where available, farmland bird diversity. The latest data suggest a change of trends in the environmental performance of OECD agriculture since 2010. While OECD agricultural production has continued to grow, progress in reducing nutrient surpluses has stalled, and declines in ammonia emissions even reversed after 2015. Median GHG emission intensity has stopped decreasing and agricultural GHG emissions from agriculture started increasing after 2010.