Enable or guide choice through changing defaults

• 'Promote schools as a setting where health promotion and prevention of mental health and behavioural disorders and early identification can reach all children and young people'. 
• Actively consult children and adolescents and their families when developing strategies for mental health promotion and mental disorders prevention.
• Promote optimal cognitive, emotional, behavioural and social functioning including educational attainment across all levels of education including early childhood education and care.
• Integrate specific subjects such as management of emotional, behavioural and relationship skill, and mental health development in the school curricula.
• 'Mandate school administrations to develop and formalise a mental health promoting culture in their statute, so as to systematically address risk factors such as bullying and cyber-bullying.'
• Promote policies on parental leave, positive nurturing and easy accessibility to high quality day care and parenting support.
• Develop mental health promotion programmes through multi-sectorial cooperation.
• Develop community programmes so that people with mental health disorders have higher uptake of mental care services, increased adherence to treatment, better protection of human rights and less stigmatisation.

• Screening programmes and subsequent psychological behavioural therapy interventions can be cost-effective strategies.

• Establishment of resilience development programmes directed to young people, generally involve professional, peer groups to tackle crisis situations and take action against risky behaviours.

• The U.S preventative Services Task Force recommends screening for major depressive disorders in adolescents.

Provide information 

• 'Enhance training for all school staff on mental health'. 
• Provide the opportunities for meeting and training sessions involving teachers but also families and carers of children and adolescents

• School-based programmes and education for teachers to support recognition of depression and suicide risk. 
• Web-based educational programmes about depression and suicide

Monitor

• Strategic policy planning has to rely on evidence, in order to define mental health priorities among children and adolescents. It is recommended to 'establish a solid information base so as to have a detailed epidemiological frame of mental health among children and adolescents and evidence on interventions' 
• 'Carry out a mapping and analysis of existing screening tools for early identification, from the first developmental stages, of mental health disorders and poor well-being among children and school populations'.