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The European Social Fund (ESF) has effectively improved the employment rates of individuals participating in its programmes. The overall programme effect on employment probability from all ESF...

The old-age dependency ratio (OADR) is a simple measure of population ageing, but it lacks the relative and multidimensional perspectives on ageing, which are central to the transition towards a society...

Fertility levels in EU countries have been low for half a century, below the level of 2.1 children per woman that is generally needed to maintain a stable population, and are...

A sustainable European bioeconomy is pivotal for achieving the European Green Deal’s objectives. The vitality of the blue pillar within our bioeconomy holds significant promise. As every other...

This report analyses the effect of the Russian Invasion on the longer-term future of Ukraine’s population size and structure. The qualitative scenarios spanning a range of possible migration futures are translated...

With the consolidation of the culture of evidence-based policymaking, the availability of data has become central for policymakers. Nowadays, innovative data sources have offered opportunity to describe more accurately...

The last decades have witnessed an increased participation of women in politics. Although many have welcomed this achievement, others have expressed their discontent. In extreme cases...

This report summarises the results of a foresight study on the future of EU rural areas 2040. A set of four scenarios were developed in a participatory process with the European Network for Rural...