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  • Publication | 2026
Policies for the Future of Farming and Food in Egypt
Global Food and Nutrition Security

Agriculture is a strategic sector for the Egyptian economy and is central to the government’s structural reform agenda. Ongoing efforts aim to strengthen food security and resilience against trade-related shocks. However, productivity has not kept pace with population growth in recent years, and Egypt faces significant environmental challenges, including water scarcity, salinity, and soil and water pollution related to nutrient imbalances.

Policies for the Future of Farming and Food in Egypt assesses the performance of Egypt’s agriculture and food policies, applying the OECD’s Productivity, Sustainability and Resilience Framework and calculating estimates of government support to agriculture. Developed by the OECD for 54 countries, these indicators are now available for Egypt for the first time. Improving food security and enhancing agricultural sustainability will require strengthening the co-ordination of food systems policies, reducing the burden of agricultural support on the economy, reforming the food subsidy system, and developing policies to reduce water demand and fertiliser use.