This study provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of multiple articles to examine major concepts of climate change from diverse perspectives. Climate change is a growing global concern, and Pakistan is ranked among the top five most vulnerable countries, frequently facing climate-induced disasters such as floods, droughts, and water scarcity. These risks are intensified by glacier melt, rising temperatures, unpredictable rainfall, rapid urbanization, limited public awareness, and weak adaptive capacity. Through detailed comparison, this review identifies the key factors, causes, and associated losses under current and future scenarios, while highlighting the climate–water–flood nexus and socioeconomic vulnerabilities that exacerbate the nation’s exposure to climate risks. Over 76% of the country’s CO₂ emissions stem from power plants and transportation, contributing to global warming and environmental instability. Floods in Pakistan have increased in both frequency and severity, leading to severe socioeconomic impacts. Various types including flash floods, urban floods, riverine, and snowmelt floods vary in duration, intensity, and impact. Flood prediction is essential for early warning and has improved through statistical and dynamical models. This study reviews both statistical and dynamical flood prediction methods. Statistical approaches relate flood indices to climate and watershed variables, while dynamical models use seasonal forecasts in hydrological simulations. Combining both methods can strengthen preparedness and reduce disaster impacts. This study also proposes a flood process typology using indicators such as timing, rainfall depth, storm duration, snowmelt, runoff dynamics, and spatial coherence. It emphasizes that rising greenhouse gas levels, mainly from human activities, are a major cause of global temperature increases. Effective flood mitigation requires improved data quality, ensemble forecasting, and robust modeling. Although floods cannot be entirely avoided, their effects can be minimized through strategic planning, resilient infrastructure, and policy reform. To protect its future, Pakistan must align development with environmental capacity and reduce vulnerability to climate related disasters.