Takeaways 

• In health research, generative AI has already been proven successful in drug development by assisting in the discovery of antibiotics in the face of rising antimicrobial resistance.
• Generative AI could support clinical development, enabling researchers to evaluate how new interventions work on simulated patients before testing them on real ones.
• In healthcare, generative AI has the potential to reduce administrative burden and help improve the interpretation of electronic health records. 
• A clear understanding of AI in health is needed to generate robust evidence on both the risks and benefits of GenAI models.

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The figure shows a scheme of the research required before GenAI applications are routinely used. In this context, comprehensive assessment frameworks covering scientific, technical (interoperability, cybersecurity, data protection), and socio-ethical issues are still lacking.