Harmonised Risk Indicator-1 (HRI-1), a key tool for monitoring progress in reducing pesticide risks under the Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directive, has been subject to scrutiny...
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Knowledge and Communities
As the vital drivers of European economy, SMEs - representing 99.8 % of the total business population - remain central to the Union’s economic health. This report provides a data...
This report presents the latest edition of the Innovation Output Indicator (IOI) for 2025, a composite indicator published by the European Commission since 2013 to offer an output-focused metric of innovation performance...
Policy Avenues to Close the Gender Pension Gap.
This paper exploits exogenous shifts in work organisation during the Covid-19 pandemic to study the implications of hybrid and remote work arrangements on occupational safety.
This report assesses the scientific excellence of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) for the period 2020–2024.
The European Commission’s Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW), with the scientific support by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC), assesses the Performance...
Housing affordability has deteriorated sharply for younger generations across most EU Member States ‣ Young people face growing housing precarity, driven...
This publication contains the Statistical Audit of the 2025 Network Readiness Index (NRI) conducted by the European Commission’s Competence Centre on Composite Indicators and Scoreboards (COIN) at the Joint Research...
